一人之所需,百工斯为备。但用则各适其用,而名则每异其名。管城子、中书君,悉为笔号;石虚中、即墨侯,皆为砚称。墨为松使者,纸号楮先生。纸曰剡藤,又曰玉版;墨曰陈玄,又曰龙脐。共笔砚,同富之谓;付衣钵,传道之称。
笃志业儒,曰磨穿铁砚;弃文就武,曰安用毛锥。剑有干将镆邪之名,扇有仁风便面之号。何谓箑,亦扇之名;何谓籁,有声之谓。小舟名蚱蜢,巨舰曰艨艟。金根是皇后之车,菱花乃妇人之镜。银凿落原是酒器,玉参差乃是箫名。刻舟求剑,固而不通;胶柱鼓瑟,拘而不化。
斗筲言其器小,梁栋谓是大材。铅刀无一割之利,强弓有六石之名。杖以鸠名,因鸠喉之不噎;钥同鱼样,取鱼目之常醒。兜鍪系是头盔,叵罗乃为酒器。短剑名匕首,毡毯曰氍毹。琴名绿绮焦桐,弓号乌号繁弱。香炉曰宝鸭,烛台曰烛奴。龙涎鸡舌,悉是香茗;鹢首鸭头,别为船号。
寿光客,是妆台无尘之镜;长明公,是梵堂不灭之灯。桔槔是田家之水车,袯襫是农夫之雨具。乌金,炭之美誉;忘归,矢之别名。夜可击,朝可炊,军中刁斗;《云汉》热,《北风》寒,刘褒画图。勉人发愤,曰猛着祖鞭;求人宥罪,曰幸开汤网。
拔帜立帜,韩信之计甚奇;楚弓楚得,楚王所见未大。董安于性援,常佩弦以自急;西门豹性急,常佩韦以自宽。汉孟敏尝堕甑不顾,知其无益;宋太祖谓犯法有剑,正欲立成。王衍清谈,常持麈尾;横渠讲《易》,每拥皋比。
尾生抱桥而死,固执不通;楚妃守符而亡,贞信可录。温桥昔燃犀,照见水族之鬼怪;秦政有方镜,照见世人之邪心。车载斗量之人,不可胜数;南金东箭之品,实是堪奇。传檄可定,极言敌之易破;迎刃而解,甚言事之易为。以铜为鉴,可整衣冠;以古为鉴,可知兴替。
yi一ren人zhi之suo所xu需,bai百gong工si斯wei为bei备。dan但yong用ze则ge各shi适qi其yong用,er而ming名ze则mei每yi异qi其ming名。guan管cheng城zi子、zhong中shu书jun君,xi悉wei为bi笔hao号;shi石xu虚zhong中、ji即mo墨hou侯,jie皆wei为yan砚cheng称。mo墨wei为song松shi使zhe者,zhi纸hao号chu楮xian先sheng生。zhi纸yue曰shan剡teng藤,you又yue曰yu玉ban版;mo墨yue曰chen陈xuan玄,you又yue曰long龙qi脐。gong共bi笔yan砚,tong同fu富zhi之wei谓;fu付yi衣bo钵,chuan传dao道zhi之cheng称。
du笃zhi志ye业ru儒,yue曰mo磨chuan穿tie铁yan砚;qi弃wen文jiu就wu武,yue曰an安yong用mao毛zhui锥。jian剑you有gan干jiang将mo镆xie邪zhi之ming名,shan扇you有ren仁feng风bian便mian面zhi之hao号。he何wei谓sha箑,yi亦shan扇zhi之ming名;he何wei谓lai籁,you有sheng声zhi之wei谓。xiao小zhou舟ming名zha蚱meng蜢,ju巨jian舰yue曰meng艨chong艟。jin金gen根shi是huang皇hou后zhi之che车,ling菱hua花nai乃fu妇ren人zhi之jing镜。yin银zao凿luo落yuan原shi是jiu酒qi器,yu玉can参cha差nai乃shi是xiao箫ming名。ke刻zhou舟qiu求jian剑,gu固er而bu不tong通;jiao胶zhu柱gu鼓se瑟,ju拘er而bu不hua化。
dou斗shao筲yan言qi其qi器xiao小,liang梁dong栋wei谓shi是da大cai材。qian铅dao刀wu无yi一ge割zhi之li利,qiang强gong弓you有liu六shi石zhi之ming名。zhang杖yi以jiu鸠ming名,yin因jiu鸠hou喉zhi之bu不ye噎;yao钥tong同yu鱼yang样,qu取yu鱼mu目zhi之chang常xing醒。dou兜mou鍪xi系shi是tou头kui盔,po叵luo罗nai乃wei为jiu酒qi器。duan短jian剑ming名bi匕shou首,zhan毡tan毯yue曰qu氍shu毹。qin琴ming名lv绿qi绮jiao焦tong桐,gong弓hao号wu乌hao号fan繁ruo弱。xiang香lu炉yue曰bao宝ya鸭,zhu烛tai台yue曰zhu烛nu奴。long龙xian涎ji鸡she舌,xi悉shi是xiang香ming茗;yi鹢shou首ya鸭tou头,bie别wei为chuan船hao号。
shou寿guang光ke客,shi是zhuang妆tai台wu无chen尘zhi之jing镜;chang长ming明gong公,shi是fan梵tang堂bu不mie灭zhi之deng灯。ju桔gao槔shi是tian田jia家zhi之shui水che车,bo袯shi襫shi是nong农fu夫zhi之yu雨ju具。wu乌jin金,tan炭zhi之mei美yu誉;wang忘gui归,shi矢zhi之bie别ming名。ye夜ke可ji击,chao朝ke可chui炊,jun军zhong中diao刁dou斗;《yun云han汉》re热,《bei北feng风》han寒,liu刘bao褒hua画tu图。mian勉ren人fa发fen愤,yue曰meng猛zhe着zu祖bian鞭;qiu求ren人you宥zui罪,yue曰xing幸kai开tang汤wang网。
ba拔zhi帜li立zhi帜,han韩xin信zhi之ji计shen甚qi奇;chu楚gong弓chu楚de得,chu楚wang王suo所jian见wei未da大。dong董an安yu于xing性yuan援,chang常pei佩xian弦yi以zi自ji急;xi西men门bao豹xing性ji急,chang常pei佩wei韦yi以zi自kuan宽。han汉meng孟min敏chang尝duo堕zeng甑bu不gu顾,zhi知qi其wu无yi益;song宋tai太zu祖wei谓fan犯fa法you有jian剑,zheng正yu欲li立cheng成。wang王yan衍qing清tan谈,chang常chi持zhu麈wei尾;heng横qu渠jiang讲《yi易》,mei每yong拥gao皋bi比。
wei尾sheng生bao抱qiao桥er而si死,gu固zhi执bu不tong通;chu楚fei妃shou守fu符er而wang亡,zhen贞xin信ke可lu录。wen温qiao桥xi昔ran燃xi犀,zhao照jian见shui水zu族zhi之gui鬼guai怪;qin秦zheng政you有fang方jing镜,zhao照jian见shi世ren人zhi之xie邪xin心。che车zai载dou斗liang量zhi之ren人,bu不ke可sheng胜shu数;nan南jin金dong东jian箭zhi之pin品,shi实shi是kan堪qi奇。chuan传xi檄ke可ding定,ji极yan言di敌zhi之yi易po破;ying迎ren刃er而xie解,shen甚yan言shi事zhi之yi易wei为。yi以tong铜wei为jian鉴,ke可zheng整yi衣guan冠;yi以gu古wei为jian鉴,ke可zhi知xing兴ti替。