樗散生者,钱塘人,李氏名诇,字孟言。少受学越人杨君廉夫,负气尚节,善为诗。卖药金陵市中,名其室曰樗亭,而自号为樗散生。市人病者趋其门,买药无不与,所与必善,人人谈樗散生美不置口。
或问樗散生:“今人莫不愿为材,有寸夸尺,有尺夸寻,惟恐人不己知,才不即用,又恐不得大任以为戚。今生乃以“樗散”自名,樗不才木也生岂无才者耶何其嗜好与人不同也所恶乎樗者以其无用也。今生修善药以活疢疾者,有功于民甚博,何为以樗自污哉?”
樗散生曰:“吾计之熟矣。名之美者,吾岂不欲居之?然苟无实以称之,则名只足为祸。吾苟自以为可用,彼将以有用者求我,我或不足如其所求,则为妄人矣。吾今自以为樗,我不虞我足用,而我足用者固存,何损于我乎?世之受祸深者,求名太切者也。夫名,虚器也,得之未必有益于身,而与我竞者,龈龂然欲夺之,不亦危乎?吾是以安焉而不敢务乎名也。且吾之食者医,医之书易知,医之技易学,吾诚尽吾心焉。疑于心者不敢强施于人,薄于用者不敢厚责其报,虽有不中,庶可以无愧矣。吾诚肯自负吾才而享釜庾之禄,岂皆不若乎人?然吏胥操法而迫吾侧,民庶持牒而聒吾前,吾心欲平之而力不暇,欲施吾才而势有不能,则吾心之愧无时而释矣。岂若守易能之技,居无用之名以自适哉!”
于是问者谢之,咸称樗散生为知道者。余闻于建安黄仁云。
史官曰:樗散生之传不虚矣。生岂果知道者哉?君子之道,贵乎食焉而无愧。吾观世之有愧者多矣,生岂无见者乎?孔子强漆雕开仕,开自以为未信而不愿为,孔子悦之。樗散生岂学漆雕开者耶?然则谓生为知道,岂不然耶?或谓生慕樗以不才寿。彼庄生寓言,生盖不取云。
chu樗san散sheng生zhe者,qian钱tang塘ren人,li李shi氏ming名xiong诇,zi字meng孟yan言。shao少shou受xue学yue越ren人yang杨jun君lian廉fu夫,fu负qi气shang尚jie节,shan善wei为shi诗。mai卖yao药jin金ling陵shi市zhong中,ming名qi其shi室yue曰chu樗ting亭,er而zi自hao号wei为chu樗san散sheng生。shi市ren人bing病zhe者qu趋qi其men门,mai买yao药wu无bu不yu与,suo所yu与bi必shan善,ren人ren人tan谈chu樗san散sheng生mei美bu不zhi置kou口。
huo或wen问chu樗san散sheng生:“jin今ren人mo莫bu不yuan愿wei为cai材,you有cun寸kua夸chi尺,you有chi尺kua夸xun寻,wei惟kong恐ren人bu不ji己zhi知,cai才bu不ji即yong用,you又kong恐bu不de得da大ren任yi以wei为qi戚。jin今sheng生nai乃yi以“chu樗san散”zi自ming名,chu樗bu不cai才mu木ye也sheng生qi岂wu无cai才zhe者ye耶he何qi其shi嗜hao好yu与ren人bu不tong同ye也suo所e恶hu乎chu樗zhe者yi以qi其wu无yong用ye也。jin今sheng生xiu修shan善yao药yi以huo活chen疢ji疾zhe者,you有gong功yu于min民shen甚bo博,he何wei为yi以chu樗zi自wu污zai哉?”
chu樗san散sheng生yue曰:“wu吾ji计zhi之shu熟yi矣。ming名zhi之mei美zhe者,wu吾qi岂bu不yu欲ju居zhi之?ran然gou苟wu无shi实yi以cheng称zhi之,ze则ming名zhi只zu足wei为huo祸。wu吾gou苟zi自yi以wei为ke可yong用,bi彼jiang将yi以you有yong用zhe者qiu求wo我,wo我huo或bu不zu足ru如qi其suo所qiu求,ze则wei为wang妄ren人yi矣。wu吾jin今zi自yi以wei为chu樗,wo我bu不yu虞wo我zu足yong用,er而wo我zu足yong用zhe者gu固cun存,he何sun损yu于wo我hu乎?shi世zhi之shou受huo祸shen深zhe者,qiu求ming名tai太qie切zhe者ye也。fu夫ming名,xu虚qi器ye也,de得zhi之wei未bi必you有yi益yu于shen身,er而yu与wo我jing竞zhe者,ken龈yin龂ran然yu欲duo夺zhi之,bu不yi亦wei危hu乎?wu吾shi是yi以an安yan焉er而bu不gan敢wu务hu乎ming名ye也。qie且wu吾zhi之shi食zhe者yi医,yi医zhi之shu书yi易zhi知,yi医zhi之ji技yi易xue学,wu吾cheng诚jin尽wu吾xin心yan焉。yi疑yu于xin心zhe者bu不gan敢qiang强shi施yu于ren人,bo薄yu于yong用zhe者bu不gan敢hou厚ze责qi其bao报,sui虽you有bu不zhong中,shu庶ke可yi以wu无kui愧yi矣。wu吾cheng诚ken肯zi自fu负wu吾cai才er而xiang享fu釜yu庾zhi之lu禄,qi岂jie皆bu不ruo若hu乎ren人?ran然li吏xu胥cao操fa法er而po迫wu吾ce侧,min民shu庶chi持die牒er而gua聒wu吾qian前,wu吾xin心yu欲ping平zhi之er而li力bu不xia暇,yu欲shi施wu吾cai才er而shi势you有bu不neng能,ze则wu吾xin心zhi之kui愧wu无shi时er而shi释yi矣。qi岂ruo若shou守yi易neng能zhi之ji技,ju居wu无yong用zhi之ming名yi以zi自shi适zai哉!”
yu于shi是wen问zhe者xie谢zhi之,xian咸cheng称chu樗san散sheng生wei为zhi知dao道zhe者。yu余wen闻yu于jian建an安huang黄ren仁yun云。
shi史guan官yue曰:chu樗san散sheng生zhi之chuan传bu不xu虚yi矣。sheng生qi岂guo果zhi知dao道zhe者zai哉?jun君zi子zhi之dao道,gui贵hu乎shi食yan焉er而wu无kui愧。wu吾guan观shi世zhi之you有kui愧zhe者duo多yi矣,sheng生qi岂wu无jian见zhe者hu乎?kong孔zi子qiang强qi漆diao雕kai开shi仕,kai开zi自yi以wei为wei未xin信er而bu不yuan愿wei为,kong孔zi子yue悦zhi之。chu樗san散sheng生qi岂xue学qi漆diao雕kai开zhe者ye耶?ran然ze则wei谓sheng生wei为zhi知dao道,qi岂bu不ran然ye耶?huo或wei谓sheng生mu慕chu樗yi以bu不cai才shou寿。bi彼zhuang庄sheng生yu寓yan言,sheng生gai盖bu不qu取yun云。