凡物之骤为之而追成焉者,其器小也;物之一览而易尽者,其中无有也。郭君筠仙与余友九年矣,即之也温,挹之常不尽。道光甲辰、乙己两试于礼部,留京师,主于余。促膝而语者四百馀日,乃得尽窥其藏。甚战!人不易知也。将别,于是为道其深,对于回路赠言之义,而以吾之思效焉。
盖天生之材,或相千万,要于成器以适世用而已。材之小者,视尤小者则优矣。苟尤小者,琢之成器。而小者不利于用,则君子取其尤小者焉。材之大者,视尤大者则细矣。苟尤大者不利于用,而大者琢之成器,则君子取其大者焉。天赋大始,人作成物。传曰:“人不天不因,天不人不成。”不极扩充追琢之能,虽有周公之材,终弃而已矣。
余所友天下贤士,或以德称,或以艺显,类有以自成者。而老筠仙躬绝异之姿,退然深贬,语其德若无可名;学古人之文章,入焉既深,而其外犹若鉏铻而不安其无所成者与?匠石斫方寸之木,斤之削之,不移瞬而成物矣。及乎裁径尺之材以为榱桷,不阅日而成矣。及至伐连抱之梗枏,为天子营总章太室之梁栋,经旬累月而不得成焉。其器俞大,就之前艰。浅者欲以一概律之,难矣。且所号为贤者,谓其绝拘挛之见,旷观于广大之区,而不以尺寸绳人者也。若夫逢世之技,智足以与时物相发,力足以与机势相会,此则众人之所共睹者矣。君子则不然,赴势甚钝,取道甚迂,德不苟成,业不苟名,艰勤错迕,迟久而后进。铢而积,寸而累。既其纯熟,则圣人之徒;其力造焉而无扦格,则亦不失于今名。造之不力,歧出无范,虽有瑰质。终亦无用。
孟子曰:“五谷不熟,不如荑稗。”诚哉斯言也!筠仙勖哉!去其所谓扞格者,以蕲至于纯熟,则几矣。人亦病不为耳。若夫自揣既熟,而或不达于时轨,是则非余之所敢知也。
fan凡wu物zhi之zhou骤wei为zhi之er而zhui追cheng成yan焉zhe者,qi其qi器xiao小ye也;wu物zhi之yi一lan览er而yi易jin尽zhe者,qi其zhong中wu无you有ye也。guo郭jun君yun筠xian仙yu与yu余you友jiu九nian年yi矣,ji即zhi之ye也wen温,yi挹zhi之chang常bu不jin尽。dao道guang光jia甲chen辰、yi乙ji己liang两shi试yu于li礼bu部,liu留jing京shi师,zhu主yu于yu余。cu促xi膝er而yu语zhe者si四bai百yu馀ri日,nai乃de得jin尽kui窥qi其cang藏。shen甚zhan战!ren人bu不yi易zhi知ye也。jiang将bie别,yu于shi是wei为dao道qi其shen深,dui对yu于hui回lu路zeng赠yan言zhi之yi义,er而yi以wu吾zhi之si思xiao效yan焉。
gai盖tian天sheng生zhi之cai材,huo或xiang相qian千wan万,yao要yu于cheng成qi器yi以shi适shi世yong用er而yi已。cai材zhi之xiao小zhe者,shi视you尤xiao小zhe者ze则you优yi矣。gou苟you尤xiao小zhe者,zuo琢zhi之cheng成qi器。er而xiao小zhe者bu不li利yu于yong用,ze则jun君zi子qu取qi其you尤xiao小zhe者yan焉。cai材zhi之da大zhe者,shi视you尤da大zhe者ze则xi细yi矣。gou苟you尤da大zhe者bu不li利yu于yong用,er而da大zhe者zuo琢zhi之cheng成qi器,ze则jun君zi子qu取qi其da大zhe者yan焉。tian天fu赋da大shi始,ren人zuo作cheng成wu物。chuan传yue曰:“ren人bu不tian天bu不yin因,tian天bu不ren人bu不cheng成。”bu不ji极kuo扩chong充zhui追zuo琢zhi之neng能,sui虽you有zhou周gong公zhi之cai材,zhong终qi弃er而yi已yi矣。
yu余suo所you友tian天xia下xian贤shi士,huo或yi以de德cheng称,huo或yi以yi艺xian显,lei类you有yi以zi自cheng成zhe者。er而lao老yun筠xian仙gong躬jue绝yi异zhi之zi姿,tui退ran然shen深bian贬,yu语qi其de德ruo若wu无ke可ming名;xue学gu古ren人zhi之wen文zhang章,ru入yan焉ji既shen深,er而qi其wai外you犹ruo若chu鉏wu铻er而bu不an安qi其wu无suo所cheng成zhe者yu与?jiang匠shi石zhuo斫fang方cun寸zhi之mu木,jin斤zhi之xue削zhi之,bu不yi移shun瞬er而cheng成wu物yi矣。ji及hu乎cai裁jing径chi尺zhi之cai材yi以wei为cui榱jue桷,bu不yue阅ri日er而cheng成yi矣。ji及zhi至fa伐lian连bao抱zhi之geng梗nan枏,wei为tian天zi子ying营zong总zhang章tai太shi室zhi之liang梁dong栋,jing经xun旬lei累yue月er而bu不de得cheng成yan焉。qi其qi器yu俞da大,jiu就zhi之qian前jian艰。qian浅zhe者yu欲yi以yi一gai概lv律zhi之,nan难yi矣。qie且suo所hao号wei为xian贤zhe者,wei谓qi其jue绝ju拘luan挛zhi之jian见,kuang旷guan观yu于guang广da大zhi之qu区,er而bu不yi以chi尺cun寸sheng绳ren人zhe者ye也。ruo若fu夫feng逢shi世zhi之ji技,zhi智zu足yi以yu与shi时wu物xiang相fa发,li力zu足yi以yu与ji机shi势xiang相hui会,ci此ze则zhong众ren人zhi之suo所gong共du睹zhe者yi矣。jun君zi子ze则bu不ran然,fu赴shi势shen甚dun钝,qu取dao道shen甚yu迂,de德bu不gou苟cheng成,ye业bu不gou苟ming名,jian艰qin勤cuo错wu迕,chi迟jiu久er而hou后jin进。zhu铢er而ji积,cun寸er而lei累。ji既qi其chun纯shu熟,ze则sheng圣ren人zhi之tu徒;qi其li力zao造yan焉er而wu无qian扦ge格,ze则yi亦bu不shi失yu于jin今ming名。zao造zhi之bu不li力,qi歧chu出wu无fan范,sui虽you有gui瑰zhi质。zhong终yi亦wu无yong用。
meng孟zi子yue曰:“wu五gu谷bu不shu熟,bu不ru如ti荑bai稗。”cheng诚zai哉si斯yan言ye也!yun筠xian仙xu勖zai哉!qu去qi其suo所wei谓gan扞ge格zhe者,yi以qi蕲zhi至yu于chun纯shu熟,ze则ji几yi矣。ren人yi亦bing病bu不wei为er耳。ruo若fu夫zi自chuai揣ji既shu熟,er而huo或bu不da达yu于shi时gui轨,shi是ze则fei非yu余zhi之suo所gan敢zhi知ye也。